In Stilfontein, North West Province, a large group of illegal miners, referred to as Zama Zamas, remains trapped underground in abandoned mine shafts. The initial reports estimated that around 4,000 miners were stuck due to blocked supply routes during the government’s Operation Vala Umgodi. However, police later revised the number to approximately 350 to 400 individuals. This operation aimed to curb illegal mining by cutting off food and water supplies, forcing the miners to emerge.

Over 1,000 miners have resurfaced since mid-October, many in poor health due to starvation and dehydration. Efforts to persuade the remaining miners to come to the surface, including negotiations and sending food underground, have been largely unsuccessful. There are unconfirmed reports of fatalities among those still trapped. The government has maintained a firm stance, stating it will not assist illegal miners and will prosecute those who emerge【6】【7】.